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Introduction to CCTV
CCTV, or closed circuit television, is a system comprised of cameras that are specifically configued to transmit signals to a monitor for viewing. Unlike broadcast television, which emits signals that may be picked up by any receiver, CCTV signals are limited in scope and exist within a specified area (hence the moniker "closed circuit").
A simple CCTV system consists of a wall-mounted camera connected to a monitor by coaxial cable. These "line-powered" systems (so called because the monitor powers the camera through the connecting cable) can be installed by the user and are popular among small retail stores and other similar environments. Line-powered systems may utilize multiple cameras, all connected to a monitor by coaxial cable. These monitors typically have switches that allow the view to toggle between camera views automatically, or focus on a particular frame of interest.
While the line-powered CCTV system is easy to install and maintain, it is limited in its scope due to the dependence of the cameras on the monitors for power. An outlet-powered system, where complex arrangements are more easily arranged, is similar to the line-powered setup. Cameras transmit their signals to a monitor through a coaxial cable, but are powered by a plug in an outlet.
These line and outlet-powered CCTV systems can be very basic or very complex, depending on the security needs of their users. For example, a small convenience store may only need one stationary black and white camera, and a small monitor stored beneath a counter or in a back office. However, an office building or business may need several moving, high resolution color cameras with microphones, with several viewing screens and a recorder to preserve all recorded footage. Rapidly developing technology also means dramatic developments in CCTV. Advances in digital imaging, high resolution images, network speeds and DVR technology have improved the efficiency of CCTV and made security more efficient and affordable for many organizations. As digital technology eclipses the traditional analog recording of CCTV, more and more businesses are taking advantage of the internet to create easily accessible and more advanced monitoring systems using IP cameras and security networks. |
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